The twin pillars that underpinned US monetary policy since the global financial crisis made policy normalisation difficult. Investors believe quantitative tightening (QT) ceases once the federal funds rate is lowered.
Contrary to the fears encountered during the taper tantrum in 2013, QT has not dramatically tightened US financial conditions since 2017, thereby raising questions about whether any cessation is required.
High levels of bank reserves do not guarantee financial stability, but elevated Treasury borrowing and lower repo market liquidity pose threats that could ultimately force the Fed to end QT.