Quantitative Equity Analyst, DMA

Charlotte van Tiddens, CFA

Quantitative Equity Analyst

Technology-First Company

DMA is a technology-first company that provides an end-to-end SaaS solution to institutional investors. DMA enables regulated entities like asset managers, wealth managers, investment managers and financial advisors to connect their front and back office, break silos and reduce headcount.

Index Rebalance

<ul><li>Last night, the price snapshot was taken for the JSE September 2025 rebalance.</li><li>GLN is expected to enter the Top 40 index, with APN falling out.</li><li>No changes are expected for the FINDI, FINI, INDI or RESI indices.</li></ul>

Last night, the price snapshot was taken for the JSE September 2025 rebalance.GLN is expected to enter the Top 40 index, with APN falling out.No changes are expected for the FINDI, FINI, INDI or RESI indices.

JSE Sep ‘25 Rebalance: GLN Expected to Enter Top 40, APN to Fall Out

Covering IPOs, Healthcare and Technology Stocks

Andrei Zakharov

Equity Capital Markets

<ul>
<li>Klarna Group, a founder-led BNPL giant and leading fintech company, will try to make another one IPO push in the second half of the year.</li>
<li>With the most recent F-1/A, the company reported worse-than-expected 1Q25 results, including total revenue of $701M (+9% YoY) and operating loss of $90M, up ~221% YoY.</li>
<li>Klarna Group 1Q net loss nearly tripled to ~$101M on mid-single-digit GMV growth, weaker-than-expected interest income and high SBC expense (~8% of revenues).</li>
</ul>


Klarna Group, a founder-led BNPL giant and leading fintech company, will try to make another one IPO push in the second half of the year.
With the most recent F-1/A, the company reported worse-than-expected 1Q25 results, including total revenue of $701M (+9% YoY) and operating loss of $90M, up ~221% YoY.
Klarna Group 1Q net loss nearly tripled to ~$101M on mid-single-digit GMV growth, weaker-than-expected interest income and high SBC expense (~8% of revenues).


Klarna IPO Update: Earnings Recap/Estimate Changes, 1Q25 Net Loss Widened to ~$101M

<ul>
<li>Klarna, a leading BNPL player in Europe, will try to push ahead with IPO in the second half of the year. The fintech unicorn plans to raise up to ~$1B.</li>
<li>Klarna picked a not great time to take the company public, keeping in mind negative impact of Trump’s tariffs on BNPL players in the U.S. and European Union.</li>
<li>I believe the company may price its IPO above last round valuation of ~$6.7B led by Sequoia Capital, Silver Lake, CPPIB, and Mubadala Investment Company, among others.</li>
</ul>


Klarna, a leading BNPL player in Europe, will try to push ahead with IPO in the second half of the year. The fintech unicorn plans to raise up to ~$1B.
Klarna picked a not great time to take the company public, keeping in mind negative impact of Trump’s tariffs on BNPL players in the U.S. and European Union.
I believe the company may price its IPO above last round valuation of ~$6.7B led by Sequoia Capital, Silver Lake, CPPIB, and Mubadala Investment Company, among others.


Klarna IPO Valuation Analysis: Don’t Expect a Premium Multiple Relative to Affirm Holdings

<ul>
<li>Klarna Group, a Swedish fintech company and BNPL provider, filed for an IPO and submitted a registration statement F-1 form with the SEC.</li>
<li>The company believes that AI and product diversification will boost profitability in the coming years coupled with aggressive cost-cutting and better underwriting process.</li>
<li>However, Klarna delayed its planned IPO due to extreme volatility and Trump’s tariffs, which are a headwind for BNPL players, including Affirm and Klarna.</li>
</ul>


Klarna Group, a Swedish fintech company and BNPL provider, filed for an IPO and submitted a registration statement F-1 form with the SEC.
The company believes that AI and product diversification will boost profitability in the coming years coupled with aggressive cost-cutting and better underwriting process.
However, Klarna delayed its planned IPO due to extreme volatility and Trump’s tariffs, which are a headwind for BNPL players, including Affirm and Klarna.


Klarna IPO Preview: The Dominant BNPL Player in Europe, Trump’s Tariffs Are a Headwind

Financials & FinTech research, Galliano’s Financials Research

Victor Galliano

Financials & FinTech research

Financials & FinTech, EM & Developed Markets

Galliano’s Financials Research

Galliano's Financials Research provides fundamental research in Emerging Markets financials, including FinTech, as well as financials in select Developed Markets.

The investment style applied is generally value oriented, although Growth At Reasonable Price (GARP) strategies can also be used where appropriate. 

Our investment research approach aim is often contrarian, looking to capitalise on overly sceptical or optimistic consensus views. In terms of valuation techniques, the focus is on PBV ratio to ROE, PE multiples and dividend yield, as well as the application of PEG ratios and, where appropriate, Sum of the Parts (SOTP) valuations.

Thematic (Sector/Industry)

<ul>
<li>We update Klarna’s pre-IPO valuation based on recent private share transactions and that of Stripe; Indian payments company Pine Labs is reputedly looking for an IPO valuation of USD6bn</li>
<li>Our 2H24 recommended shares performance was suboptimal; only two of our four longs delivered gains, and our short’s share price was strong in the “risk on” investor climate</li>
<li>We downgrade Shift4 to neutral, keeping PagSeguro as our core value pick along with European value play Nexi and US megacap Visa; we keep our sell rating on Affirm</li>
</ul>


We update Klarna’s pre-IPO valuation based on recent private share transactions and that of Stripe; Indian payments company Pine Labs is reputedly looking for an IPO valuation of USD6bn
Our 2H24 recommended shares performance was suboptimal; only two of our four longs delivered gains, and our short’s share price was strong in the “risk on” investor climate
We downgrade Shift4 to neutral, keeping PagSeguro as our core value pick along with European value play Nexi and US megacap Visa; we keep our sell rating on Affirm


Payment Companies – Key Picks and Potential IPOs in Focus

United States

Affirm Holdings, Inc. is a financial technology company. The Company builds platform for digital and mobile-first commerce. Affirm Holdings offers financial services tool that allows consumers to purchase goods and services. Affirm Holdings serves customers worldwide.

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Affirm Holdings (AFRM US)

JSE Sep ‘25 Rebalance: GLN Expected to Enter Top 40, APN to Fall Out

M. Aug ‘25 Rebalance: SSW to enter SA, ACWI / APN, KIO & WHL exiting. Last night, the price snapshot was taken for the JSE September 2025 rebalance.

DMA

Klarna IPO Update: Earnings Recap/Estimate Changes, 1Q25 Net Loss Widened to ~$101M

Founder-led BNPL giant Klarna Group plans another IPO push in H2 2025 despite worse-than-expected 1Q25 results, including a widened net loss of...

Andrei Zakharov

Klarna IPO Valuation Analysis: Don’t Expect a Premium Multiple Relative to Affirm Holdings

Klarna plans to move forward with IPO despite potential challenges from Trump's tariffs, aiming to raise up to ~$1B and possibly price the...

Andrei Zakharov

Klarna IPO Preview: The Dominant BNPL Player in Europe, Trump’s Tariffs Are a Headwind

Klarna, a Swedish fintech player and the dominant BNPL player in Europe, plans to raise up to $1B in US IPO. I’m cautious about buying into...

Andrei Zakharov

Payment Companies – Key Picks and Potential IPOs in Focus

PagSeguro is our core value pick, Nexi and Visa are also buys, Affirm still rated a sell, Shift4 is now neutral. Updated Klarna and Stripe pre-IPO...

Victor Galliano

Price Gauge

52-week Range

Market Cap (USDm)

P/E

Dividend (Yield)

JSE Sep ‘25 Rebalance: GLN Expected to Enter Top 40, APN to Fall Out

M. Aug ‘25 Rebalance: SSW to enter SA, ACWI / APN, KIO & WHL exiting. Last night, the price snapshot was taken for the JSE September 2025 rebalance.

DMA

Klarna IPO Update: Earnings Recap/Estimate Changes, 1Q25 Net Loss Widened to ~$101M

​Founder-led BNPL giant Klarna Group plans another IPO push in H2 2025 despite worse-than-expected 1Q25 results, including a widened net loss of...

Andrei Zakharov

Klarna IPO Valuation Analysis: Don’t Expect a Premium Multiple Relative to Affirm Holdings

​Klarna plans to move forward with IPO despite potential challenges from Trump's tariffs, aiming to raise up to ~$1B and possibly price the...

Andrei Zakharov

Klarna IPO Preview: The Dominant BNPL Player in Europe, Trump’s Tariffs Are a Headwind

Klarna, a Swedish fintech player and the dominant BNPL player in Europe, plans to raise up to $1B in US IPO. I’m cautious about buying into...

Andrei Zakharov

Payment Companies – Key Picks and Potential IPOs in Focus

PagSeguro is our core value pick, Nexi and Visa are also buys, Affirm still rated a sell, Shift4 is now neutral. ​Updated Klarna and Stripe pre-IPO...

Victor Galliano

Founder-led BNPL giant Klarna Group plans another IPO push in H2 2025 despite worse-than-expected 1Q25 results, including a widened net loss of...

Klarna plans to move forward with IPO despite potential challenges from Trump's tariffs, aiming to raise up to ~$1B and possibly price the...

PagSeguro is our core value pick, Nexi and Visa are also buys, Affirm still rated a sell, Shift4 is now neutral. Updated Klarna and Stripe pre-IPO...