Financials Credit Analyst

Hank Calenti, CFA

CreditContinuum

Credit

Executive Summary: Issuance expectations are often a topic of anxiety for actively trading investors. The concern is that if issuance is expected to be large, then the value of the currently on-the-run security may fall as the market moves into the new security. Our experience is that timing matters. Any decline generally represents a buying opportunity in the older security; however, it can take a week or two for the security to regain lost value. As such, unexpected debt issuance just before quarter-end can be painful.With leverage ratios yet to be a requirement for Eurozone area banks, risk-weighted asset (RWA) capital ratios remain the constraining capital measure. By this standard, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/bnp-paribas" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:525:1" rel="noopener">BNP Paribas (BNP FP)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/credit-agricole-sa" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:21373:1" rel="noopener">Credit Agricole Group (ACAFP)</a> remain underweight in Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bond issuance.Amongst UK banks, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hsbc-holdings-plc-a723bd63-0890-486f-aaa0-3bb9ad2b95ce" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:21976:1" rel="noopener">HSBC Holdings (HSBA LN)</a> looks to have a surplus of AT1 bonds from a RWA capital ratio perspective. However, we calculate a deficiency relative to its leverage capital ratio needs. Basel IV inflation may diminish the RWA-base surplus; but for now, HSBC’s leverage ratio is its AT1 governor.In terms of Tier 2 needs, Eurozone banks are largely where they need to be from an efficiency perspective with the main exception of <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/cooperatieve-rabobank-ua" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:28085:1" rel="noopener">Cooperative Rabobank UA (RABO NA)</a>. Meanwhile, HSBC may be in a position to reduce its Common Equity Tier 1 levels by issuing Tier 2 bonds while remaining well above minimum capital requirements. Concurrently, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/standard-chartered-plc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:193:1" rel="noopener">Standard Chartered's (STAN LN)</a> Tier 2 levels are materially more than minimum regulatory requirements. These look better value than HSBC’s.

Executive Summary: Issuance expectations are often a topic of anxiety for actively trading investors. The concern is that if issuance is expected to be large, then the value of the currently on-the-run security may fall as the market moves into the new security. Our experience is that timing matters. Any decline generally represents a buying opportunity in the older security; however, it can take a week or two for the security to regain lost value. As such, unexpected debt issuance just before quarter-end can be painful.With leverage ratios yet to be a requirement for Eurozone area banks, risk-weighted asset (RWA) capital ratios remain the constraining capital measure. By this standard, BNP Paribas (BNP FP) and Credit Agricole Group (ACAFP) remain underweight in Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bond issuance.Amongst UK banks, HSBC Holdings (HSBA LN) looks to have a surplus of AT1 bonds from a RWA capital ratio perspective. However, we calculate a deficiency relative to its leverage capital ratio needs. Basel IV inflation may diminish the RWA-base surplus; but for now, HSBC’s leverage ratio is its AT1 governor.In terms of Tier 2 needs, Eurozone banks are largely where they need to be from an efficiency perspective with the main exception of Cooperative Rabobank UA (RABO NA). Meanwhile, HSBC may be in a position to reduce its Common Equity Tier 1 levels by issuing Tier 2 bonds while remaining well above minimum capital requirements. Concurrently, Standard Chartered's (STAN LN) Tier 2 levels are materially more than minimum regulatory requirements. These look better value than HSBC’s. 

Debt Capital Surplus (Shortfall) And Trading Opportunities in European Banks

Executive Summary: Given its business model, juxtaposed with its Additional Tier 1 (AT1) security ratings and capital buffer above which AT1 coupons may be suspended, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/barclays-plc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:1121:1" rel="noopener">Barclays' (BACR)</a> AT1 seems to trade in-line with its peers in the 2025 first call area. However, most of Barclays current stack of AT1 bonds does not look good value when considered relative to the level at which its Tier2 Subordinated debt trades.Barclays holding company Senior Unsecured debt trades at approximately the same level of <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hsbc-holdings-plc-a723bd63-0890-486f-aaa0-3bb9ad2b95ce" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:21976:1" rel="noopener">HSBC Holdings (HSBA LN)</a> at certain points along their respective credit curves, despite having a lower credit rating.  Concurrently, in the Tier 2 Subordinated debt space, Barclays offers considerably more value than HSBC. Please see <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/barclays-bail-in-debt-value-relative-to-hsbc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:52135" rel="noopener">Barclays: Bail-In Debt Value Relative to HSBC</a> for more details. In the AT1 area, the roles are reversed.Loaded with shorter first call dated AT1 notes, Barclays has yet to benefit from materially lower interest costs within its AT1 stack. Barclays was an early adopter in the AT1 issuance space. This aided it in bringing other AT1 issuers to the primary market. However, it also effectively created a first mover disadvantage given the level to which risk premiums and interest rates fell since the Covid-19 health crisis erupted. We expect that Barclays will greatly extend the maturity of its AT1 curve as its shorter maturity bonds are called.  Until then, we anticipate that HSBC’s AT1 notes may offer a more attractive spread pick-up.

Executive Summary: Given its business model, juxtaposed with its Additional Tier 1 (AT1) security ratings and capital buffer above which AT1 coupons may be suspended, Barclays' (BACR) AT1 seems to trade in-line with its peers in the 2025 first call area. However, most of Barclays current stack of AT1 bonds does not look good value when considered relative to the level at which its Tier2 Subordinated debt trades.Barclays holding company Senior Unsecured debt trades at approximately the same level of HSBC Holdings (HSBA LN) at certain points along their respective credit curves, despite having a lower credit rating.  Concurrently, in the Tier 2 Subordinated debt space, Barclays offers considerably more value than HSBC. Please see Barclays: Bail-In Debt Value Relative to HSBC for more details. In the AT1 area, the roles are reversed.Loaded with shorter first call dated AT1 notes, Barclays has yet to benefit from materially lower interest costs within its AT1 stack. Barclays was an early adopter in the AT1 issuance space. This aided it in bringing other AT1 issuers to the primary market. However, it also effectively created a first mover disadvantage given the level to which risk premiums and interest rates fell since the Covid-19 health crisis erupted. We expect that Barclays will greatly extend the maturity of its AT1 curve as its shorter maturity bonds are called.  Until then, we anticipate that HSBC’s AT1 notes may offer a more attractive spread pick-up.  

Barclays: AT1 Value Points Relative to HSBC

Executive Summary: The experience of the last year has proven <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/barclays-plc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:1121:1" rel="noopener">Barclays (BACR)</a> CEO’s assertion that it is better to be a combination of an investment, commercial and retail bank rather than only two of those three segments. <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/hsbc-holdings-plc-a723bd63-0890-486f-aaa0-3bb9ad2b95ce" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:21976:1" rel="noopener">HSBC Holdings (HSBA LN)</a> is similarly constructed, albeit with a broader geographic focus. Meanwhile, from a credit perspective, HSBC is clearly a better, more diversified, credit. Nonetheless, some of Barclays’ debt securities already trade at levels which suggest that a higher credit rating may be appropriate.Either Barclays is a stronger credit than reflected in its rating or the melt-up phenomena taking place in the rates market is also applicable to credit rating perceptions. We see a mixture of both.Despite having a lower credit rating, Barclays holding company Senior Unsecured debt trades at approximately the same level of HSBC at certain points along their respective credit curves. Concurrently, in the Tier 2 Subordinated debt space, Barclays offers considerably more value than HSBC.

Executive Summary: The experience of the last year has proven Barclays (BACR) CEO’s assertion that it is better to be a combination of an investment, commercial and retail bank rather than only two of those three segments. HSBC Holdings (HSBA LN) is similarly constructed, albeit with a broader geographic focus. Meanwhile, from a credit perspective, HSBC is clearly a better, more diversified, credit. Nonetheless, some of Barclays’ debt securities already trade at levels which suggest that a higher credit rating may be appropriate.Either Barclays is a stronger credit than reflected in its rating or the melt-up phenomena taking place in the rates market is also applicable to credit rating perceptions. We see a mixture of both.Despite having a lower credit rating, Barclays holding company Senior Unsecured debt trades at approximately the same level of HSBC at certain points along their respective credit curves. Concurrently, in the Tier 2 Subordinated debt space, Barclays offers considerably more value than HSBC.

Barclays: Bail-In Debt Value Relative to HSBC

Executive Summary:<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/societe-generale-sa" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:21478:1" rel="noopener">Société Générale (SocGen)</a> recently presented plans to target sustained profitability with a lower standard deviation of performance in its Corporate and Investment Banking (CIB) unit. The firm produced its first annual loss in 30 years from equity derivative positioning as firms cut their prior year dividends due to Covid-19 concerns. As such, SocGen intends to make its results less sensitive to market dislocations.Late last year, SocGen announced a retail banking restructuring plan which effectively increases the resolution potential of the firm should it reach the point of non-viability (PoNV). Taken on its own, this move was not bondholder friendly. Please see: <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/compose/insight/52061/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale%20AT1:%20Resolution%20or%20Resilience%20in%20the%20Retail%20Restructuring?%20Take%20Shorter%20Duration.%20Read%20more:%20https://skr.ma/U3otL" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Société Générale AT1: Resolution or Resilience in the Retail Restructuring?</a> for more details.However, the bank’s plans and actions already undertaken to reduce the volatility in the global markets’ operations may reduce the likelihood of approaching the PoNV. Combined with a meaningful buffer of capital above the level at which Additional Tier 1 bond suspension could be required, SocGen’s AT1 bonds may be ripe for picking.

Executive Summary:Société Générale (SocGen) recently presented plans to target sustained profitability with a lower standard deviation of performance in its Corporate and Investment Banking (CIB) unit. The firm produced its first annual loss in 30 years from equity derivative positioning as firms cut their prior year dividends due to Covid-19 concerns. As such, SocGen intends to make its results less sensitive to market dislocations.Late last year, SocGen announced a retail banking restructuring plan which effectively increases the resolution potential of the firm should it reach the point of non-viability (PoNV). Taken on its own, this move was not bondholder friendly. Please see: Société Générale AT1: Resolution or Resilience in the Retail Restructuring? for more details.However, the bank’s plans and actions already undertaken to reduce the volatility in the global markets’ operations may reduce the likelihood of approaching the PoNV. Combined with a meaningful buffer of capital above the level at which Additional Tier 1 bond suspension could be required, SocGen’s AT1 bonds may be ripe for picking.

SocGen: AT1 Is Ripe for Picking as CIB Is Restructured

Executive Summary: Friday’s jobs report shocker capped off a week which included US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen needing to be Mirandized. This was followed by the Fed stating the obvious in its financial stability report. Unmentioned in this report is that the role of this Fed is no longer to take away the punchbowl, but instead it is the bartender. The week ended with a jobs report that was the biggest miss in nominal terms, ever.The report was at odds with recent PMI surveys in which respondents stated that it was difficult to hire. This may be the result of frictions in hiring as unemployment benefits as well as child-care needs and postponed school re-openings delay employee re-entry. The truth serum for the US economy may occur around September when extended unemployment payments expire.The market impact was an immediate 10 basis point (bp) drop in the 10-year Treasury while the 2-year note even fell 1bp. Prices on the 10-year gave up these gains as the day progressed, but the smart money, that is the bond market, may be correct with the recent dampening of interest rates suggesting a longer time period to a less accommodative Fed.  The US Treasury bond curve ended the week flatter with short-end yields falling by much less than the longer part of the curve.With rates continuing to push credit spreads, Asia- and European-headquartered banks generated negative total returns in all but the lowest duration notes. There was a clear preference for Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bond issuance over the past week while over US$11 billion equivalent was raised by financial institutions globally in USD and Euros. In what may have been the busiest AT1 bond issuance weeks of the year, five institutions brought over US$6.5 billion in six securities.Nonetheless, this is a great credit environment and spreads which could go even tighter into year-end. A single piece of data, such as April’s non-farm payroll figure, is unlikely to change investor positioning. It may be a little too early to fade the market as fundamentals catch-up.Next week we will get a record-matching $126 billion slate of Treasury auctions. We may also see a robust serving of corporate and financials debt issuance. US consumer-price data is set to be published on Tuesday, 12 May. A sharp annual acceleration is forecast, although the market is likely to dismiss the figure as resulting from a comparison to depressed levels of a year earlier.With peak Q1 earnings season now behind us, Japanese banks will deliver their year-end results over the next week while several other stragglers pepper the remainder of the month. US banks signaled that they anticipate significantly higher interest rates by raising record breaking amounts in the debt capital markets following their Q1 earnings announcements. Other banks may follow with material debt issuance over the next few weeks after reporting earnings.Market Outlook: The question is whether the over-heating narrative will make a comeback and bring rate and tapering expectations closer. Financial stability risks appear binary from here. Either the Fed is over-accommodative, and it sits on its hands too long while asset bubbles over-inflate so that it gets nasty when it moves, or the Fed gets impatient, and it lowers accommodation unexpectedly which creates a risk off reaction. In both cases, curves flatten in a risk-off environment. We suspect the former is more likely, and for now, the Fed remains the bartender.

Executive Summary: Friday’s jobs report shocker capped off a week which included US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen needing to be Mirandized. This was followed by the Fed stating the obvious in its financial stability report. Unmentioned in this report is that the role of this Fed is no longer to take away the punchbowl, but instead it is the bartender. The week ended with a jobs report that was the biggest miss in nominal terms, ever.The report was at odds with recent PMI surveys in which respondents stated that it was difficult to hire. This may be the result of frictions in hiring as unemployment benefits as well as child-care needs and postponed school re-openings delay employee re-entry. The truth serum for the US economy may occur around September when extended unemployment payments expire.The market impact was an immediate 10 basis point (bp) drop in the 10-year Treasury while the 2-year note even fell 1bp. Prices on the 10-year gave up these gains as the day progressed, but the smart money, that is the bond market, may be correct with the recent dampening of interest rates suggesting a longer time period to a less accommodative Fed.  The US Treasury bond curve ended the week flatter with short-end yields falling by much less than the longer part of the curve.With rates continuing to push credit spreads, Asia- and European-headquartered banks generated negative total returns in all but the lowest duration notes. There was a clear preference for Additional Tier 1 (AT1) bond issuance over the past week while over US$11 billion equivalent was raised by financial institutions globally in USD and Euros. In what may have been the busiest AT1 bond issuance weeks of the year, five institutions brought over US$6.5 billion in six securities.Nonetheless, this is a great credit environment and spreads which could go even tighter into year-end. A single piece of data, such as April’s non-farm payroll figure, is unlikely to change investor positioning. It may be a little too early to fade the market as fundamentals catch-up.Next week we will get a record-matching $126 billion slate of Treasury auctions. We may also see a robust serving of corporate and financials debt issuance. US consumer-price data is set to be published on Tuesday, 12 May. A sharp annual acceleration is forecast, although the market is likely to dismiss the figure as resulting from a comparison to depressed levels of a year earlier.With peak Q1 earnings season now behind us, Japanese banks will deliver their year-end results over the next week while several other stragglers pepper the remainder of the month. US banks signaled that they anticipate significantly higher interest rates by raising record breaking amounts in the debt capital markets following their Q1 earnings announcements. Other banks may follow with material debt issuance over the next few weeks after reporting earnings.Market Outlook: The question is whether the over-heating narrative will make a comeback and bring rate and tapering expectations closer. Financial stability risks appear binary from here. Either the Fed is over-accommodative, and it sits on its hands too long while asset bubbles over-inflate so that it gets nasty when it moves, or the Fed gets impatient, and it lowers accommodation unexpectedly which creates a risk off reaction. In both cases, curves flatten in a risk-off environment. We suspect the former is more likely, and for now, the Fed remains the bartender.

Bank Credit Weekly: Jobs Report Shocker Flattens Curves

United Kingdom

Barclays PLC is a global financial services provider engaged in retail banking, credit cards, wholesale banking, investment banking, wealth management and investment management services.

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Barclays PLC (BARC LN)

Debt Capital Surplus (Shortfall) And Trading Opportunities in European Banks

Timing matters. A price decline in an on-the-run bond due to issuance represents a buying opportunity; however, it can take time to regain value....

Hank Calenti, CFA

Barclays: AT1 Value Points Relative to HSBC

Barclays current stack of AT1 bonds does not look good value when considered relative to the level at which its Tier2 Subordinated debt trades....

Hank Calenti, CFA

Barclays: Bail-In Debt Value Relative to HSBC

Either Barclays is a stronger credit than reflected in its rating or the melt-up phenomena taking place in the rates market is also applicable to...

Hank Calenti, CFA

SocGen: AT1 Is Ripe for Picking as CIB Is Restructured

SocGen’s AT1 bonds may be ripe for picking as the firm doubles down on reducing revenue volatility. The recently issued 4.75% 2026 note trades at a...

Hank Calenti, CFA

Bank Credit Weekly: Jobs Report Shocker Flattens Curves

Job data raises uncertainty as the Fed continues to act as bartender. Financial stability risks appear binary while rates push credit spreads. Can...

Hank Calenti, CFA

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