US-EU Index Rebalances / Quantitative Researcher, ORTEX

Dimitris Ioannidis

US-EU Index Rebalances / Quantitative Researcher

Global Financial Data and Analytics Platform

ORTEX

ORTEX is a global financial data and analytics platform providing real-time securities lending and short interest data, index rebalance data, holdings and insider transactions, trading signals, corporate actions and news,  stock machine learning and factor scores and other analytics. The majority of the data are downloadable and accessible through APIs.

Index Rebalance

<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/klarna-group-plc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:44090:1" rel="noopener">Klarna Group (KLAR US)</a> is forecasted to be excluded from all the main US &amp; EU indices because of a sole US foreign listing.</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/klarna-group-plc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:44090:1" rel="noopener">Klarna Group (KLAR US)</a> can be added to one Global index at the December 2025 review due to a non-ADR listing given it passes the fcap threshold and voting rights.</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/klarna-group-plc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:44090:1" rel="noopener">Klarna Group (KLAR US)</a> is expected to be excluded from rasel due to a non-US nationality assignment based on the company's asset &amp; revenue geographical locations.</li>
</ul>



Klarna Group (KLAR US) is forecasted to be excluded from all the main US &amp; EU indices because of a sole US foreign listing.

Klarna Group (KLAR US) can be added to one Global index at the December 2025 review due to a non-ADR listing given it passes the fcap threshold and voting rights.

Klarna Group (KLAR US) is expected to be excluded from rasel due to a non-US nationality assignment based on the company's asset &amp; revenue geographical locations.


Klarna (KLAR US): US Index Exclusion Over Asset & Revenue Geographic Locations

US IPOs and Secondary Offerings, IPO Boutique

IPO Boutique

US IPOs and Secondary Offerings

For more than 20 years, we have been providing research, analysis, commentary and ratings on US Equity Capital Markets to institutional investors (US IPOs and Secondary Offerings). Our vast network of contacts across the Equity Capital Markets and attention-to-detail sets us apart from our competitors.

Since 2012, we have achieved a successful hit rating on 89% of Buy-rated IPOs. The collective “Buy” ratings averaged a first trade of 16.3% above issue.Our Neutral Rated Deals averaged just 2% above the issue price at first trade.

Our written research includes pre-IPO notes before the deal is launched, follow-up analysis once the deal is live and post-listing trading analysis as well.

In addition, we provide a high-touch premium desk access which includes analyst access, as well as real time insights on US IPOs as well as secondary offerings.

IPOs and Secondary Offerings

Equity Capital Markets

<ul>
<li>Their total revenue was $1.90 billion, $2.28 billion, and $2.81 billion and their net profit (loss) was ($1.04 billion), ($244 million), and $21 million in 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively.</li>
<li>The company was once valued at $46 billion in a SoftBank-led funding round. Klarna saw its valuation slashed by 85% in 2022 to $6.7 billion in its most recent fundraising.</li>
<li>The company made headlines when CNBC reported that Klarna will be the exclusive provider of buy now, pay later loans for Walmart (WMT US).</li>
</ul>


Their total revenue was $1.90 billion, $2.28 billion, and $2.81 billion and their net profit (loss) was ($1.04 billion), ($244 million), and $21 million in 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively.
The company was once valued at $46 billion in a SoftBank-led funding round. Klarna saw its valuation slashed by 85% in 2022 to $6.7 billion in its most recent fundraising.
The company made headlines when CNBC reported that Klarna will be the exclusive provider of buy now, pay later loans for Walmart (WMT US).


Klarna Group (KLAR): Peeking at the IPO Prospectus of the Next High Profile E-Commerce Company

Korea/Asia, Events, IPOs, Douglas Research Advisory

Douglas Kim

Korea/Asia, Events, IPOs

Douglas Research Advisory

<ul>
<li>Klarna is seeking to raise more than $1 billion in the IPO and targeting more than $15 billion in the listing.</li>
<li>Klarna's operating margin improved from -51.5% in 2022 to -14.2% in 2023, and -4.3% in 2024.</li>
<li>Klarna generated revenue of US$2.8 billion (up 23.5% YoY) and operating loss of US$121 million in 2024 (versus operating loss of US$323 million in 2023).</li>
</ul>


Klarna is seeking to raise more than $1 billion in the IPO and targeting more than $15 billion in the listing.
Klarna's operating margin improved from -51.5% in 2022 to -14.2% in 2023, and -4.3% in 2024.
Klarna generated revenue of US$2.8 billion (up 23.5% YoY) and operating loss of US$121 million in 2024 (versus operating loss of US$323 million in 2023).


Financials & FinTech research, Galliano’s Financials Research

Victor Galliano

Financials & FinTech research

Financials & FinTech, EM & Developed Markets

Galliano’s Financials Research

Galliano's Financials Research provides fundamental research in Emerging Markets financials, including FinTech, as well as financials in select Developed Markets.

The investment style applied is generally value oriented, although Growth At Reasonable Price (GARP) strategies can also be used where appropriate. 

Our investment research approach aim is often contrarian, looking to capitalise on overly sceptical or optimistic consensus views. In terms of valuation techniques, the focus is on PBV ratio to ROE, PE multiples and dividend yield, as well as the application of PEG ratios and, where appropriate, Sum of the Parts (SOTP) valuations.

Equity Bottom-Up

<ul>
<li>Our key picks for 1H 2026 are driven by fundamental valuations, margin and growth prospects; top of our buy list is Nexi, with PagSeguro in second place</li>
<li>Our key sell is Affirm; the increasingly competitive BNPL market is a potential “banana skin” for its premium growth forecasts, coupled with potentially worsening consumer credit delinquency</li>
<li>Klarna is one to watch in 1H 2026, but it is not there yet; the share price’s underwhelming performance post-IPO reflects the competitive BNPL market, especially in the US</li>
</ul>


Our key picks for 1H 2026 are driven by fundamental valuations, margin and growth prospects; top of our buy list is Nexi, with PagSeguro in second place
Our key sell is Affirm; the increasingly competitive BNPL market is a potential “banana skin” for its premium growth forecasts, coupled with potentially worsening consumer credit delinquency
Klarna is one to watch in 1H 2026, but it is not there yet; the share price’s underwhelming performance post-IPO reflects the competitive BNPL market, especially in the US


Payment Companies – Our 2026 High Conviction Ideas

<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/stubhub-holdings" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:45001:1" rel="noopener">StubHub Holdings (STUB US)</a> went public on 17 September at an offer price of $23.50. It closed at $18.46 on 19 September, implying a company valuation of $6.8bn.</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/stubhub-holdings" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:45001:1" rel="noopener">StubHub Holdings (STUB US)</a> is expected to be added to US TMI at the December 2025 review.</li>
<li>The security is expected to be added to other US and Global indices in 2026, following the lock-up expiry that raises free float and public voting rights above minimum thresholds.</li>
</ul>



StubHub Holdings (STUB US) went public on 17 September at an offer price of $23.50. It closed at $18.46 on 19 September, implying a company valuation of $6.8bn.

StubHub Holdings (STUB US) is expected to be added to US TMI at the December 2025 review.
The security is expected to be added to other US and Global indices in 2026, following the lock-up expiry that raises free float and public voting rights above minimum thresholds.


StubHub (STUB US): Delayed but Strong Global & US Index Inclusion

United States

Klarna is a Swedish fintech company that provides online financial services. The company provides payment processing services for the e-commerce industry.

Price Gauge
52-week Range	0.00 - 0.00
Market Cap (USDm)	0.00
P/E	0.00
Dividend (Yield)	0.00

Klarna Group (KLAR US)

Klarna (KLAR US): US Index Exclusion Over Asset & Revenue Geographic Locations

Following the IPO prospectus, KLAR faces exclusion from all major US indices including rasel due to a US foreign listing and a UK nationality...

Dimitris Ioannidis

Klarna Group (KLAR): Peeking at the IPO Prospectus of the Next High Profile E-Commerce Company

Klarna's revenue and valuation fluctuate, but secures exclusive deal with Walmart for buy now, pay later loans. The company will likely debut in...

IPO Boutique

Klarna IPO Preview

Klarna is seeking to raise more than $1 billion in the IPO and targeting more than $15 billion in the listing. Klarna generated revenue of US$2.8...

Douglas Kim

Payment Companies – Our 2026 High Conviction Ideas

Top payment picks for 1H 2026: Buy Nexi, PagSeguro for deep value; Sell Affirm due to BNPL competition and credit risks; Keep an eye on Klarna's...

Victor Galliano

StubHub (STUB US): Delayed but Strong Global & US Index Inclusion

STUB is expected to join US TMI in December 2025 and other US and Global indices in 2026 following the 6-month lock-up expiry that lifts free...

Dimitris Ioannidis

Price Gauge

52-week Range

Market Cap (USDm)

P/E

Dividend (Yield)

Klarna (KLAR US): US Index Exclusion Over Asset & Revenue Geographic Locations

Following the IPO prospectus, KLAR faces exclusion from all major US indices including rasel due to a US foreign listing and a UK nationality...

Dimitris Ioannidis

Klarna Group (KLAR): Peeking at the IPO Prospectus of the Next High Profile E-Commerce Company

​Klarna's revenue and valuation fluctuate, but secures exclusive deal with Walmart for buy now, pay later loans. The company will likely debut in...

IPO Boutique

Klarna IPO Preview

Klarna is seeking to raise more than $1 billion in the IPO and targeting more than $15 billion in the listing. Klarna generated revenue of US$2.8...

Douglas Kim

Payment Companies – Our 2026 High Conviction Ideas

​Top payment picks for 1H 2026: Buy Nexi, PagSeguro for deep value; Sell Affirm due to BNPL competition and credit risks; Keep an eye on Klarna's...

Victor Galliano

StubHub (STUB US): Delayed but Strong Global & US Index Inclusion

​STUB is expected to join US TMI in December 2025 and other US and Global indices in 2026 following the 6-month lock-up expiry that lifts free...

Dimitris Ioannidis

Klarna's revenue and valuation fluctuate, but secures exclusive deal with Walmart for buy now, pay later loans. The company will likely debut in...

Top payment picks for 1H 2026: Buy Nexi, PagSeguro for deep value; Sell Affirm due to BNPL competition and credit risks; Keep an eye on Klarna's...

STUB is expected to join US TMI in December 2025 and other US and Global indices in 2026 following the 6-month lock-up expiry that lifts free...