IPOs and Catalysts/Events, Global Equity Research Ltd

Arun George

IPOs and Catalysts/Events

Uncompromised, Independent, Conflict-Free Research

Global Equity Research Ltd

Global Equity Research was started in 2017 by a group of experienced research professionals. It was founded on a passionate belief in the importance and the need for uncompromised, independent, conflict-free research. We aim to provide differentiated and actionable primary and bottom up fundamental research.

Equity Capital Markets

<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/go-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:49420:1" rel="noopener">GO (581A JP)</a> is Japan’s leading ride-hailing platform. It is seeking to raise up to JPY86.7 billion (US$546 million). Pricing is on 1 June, with listing on 16 June.</li>
<li>I previously discussed the IPO in <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/go-581a-jp-ipo-the-investment-case" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:238988" rel="noopener">GO (581A JP) IPO: The Investment Case</a>. </li>
<li>In this note, I present my forecasts and discuss valuation. My analysis suggests that GO is attractively valued at the IPO price relative to its peers' multiples.</li>
</ul>



GO (581A JP) is Japan’s leading ride-hailing platform. It is seeking to raise up to JPY86.7 billion (US$546 million). Pricing is on 1 June, with listing on 16 June.
I previously discussed the IPO in GO (581A JP) IPO: The Investment Case. 
In this note, I present my forecasts and discuss valuation. My analysis suggests that GO is attractively valued at the IPO price relative to its peers' multiples.


Head of Research, IPOs & Placements, Aequitas Research

Sumeet Singh

Head of Research, IPOs & Placements

IPOs and Placements coverage across Asia Pacific

Aequitas Research

We cover all listing across the Asia Pacific along with follow-up placements. As of Dec 2020, our team had covered 539 IPOs with a hit rate of 73.5% and 685 placements with a hit rate of 66.8%.

We combine fundamental bottom-up views with our proprietary quantitative framework to provide a holistic coverage across new listings and placements. Our coverage includes pre-IPO notes before the deal is launched, follow-up analysis once the deal is live and post-listing trading analysis as well.

<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/go-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:49420:1" rel="noopener">GO (581A JP)</a> a leading taxi app in Japan, aims to raise around US$550m via a secondary selldown in its Japan IPO</li>
<li>GO combines app-based taxi hailing with in-taxi technology to meet the needs of both users and partner taxi operators through services such as ride matching, payment processing and advertising.</li>
<li>We have looked at the company’s past performance in our previous note. In this note, we will talk about valuations.</li>
</ul>



GO (581A JP) a leading taxi app in Japan, aims to raise around US$550m via a secondary selldown in its Japan IPO
GO combines app-based taxi hailing with in-taxi technology to meet the needs of both users and partner taxi operators through services such as ride matching, payment processing and advertising.
We have looked at the company’s past performance in our previous note. In this note, we will talk about valuations.


Aequitas: GO Inc IPO - Final Thoughts on Valuations - Domestically Dominant, but Not at a Discount

Materials Analyst/Strategist, Janus Analysis

Gaius King

Materials Analyst/Strategist

Accelerating Tomorrow’s Independent Research

Boost Research

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Thematic (Sector/Industry)

<ul>
<li>Transportation industries Kodak Moment embracing Hybrids, modest near-term EV growth</li>
<li>Widespread adoption of Hydrogen considered unlikely</li>
<li>41% of Platinum &amp; 84% of Palladium reliant on autocatalyst demand</li>
<li>Hybrids in Europe up 107% in three years at 1:7 to diesel counterparts, without subsidies</li>
<li>Hybrid premium ~ 8% like-for-like over a combustion vehicle </li>
<li>Carpooling/ride-share platforms have hallmarks of being a macro-trend</li>
<li>W. Asian carpool CAGR of 77.6% over past 11 years</li>
<li>Est. by close 2019 &gt;62m people globally will utilise trans. platforms, forgoing car ownership
</li>
<li>Adverse impact on vehicle growth, models, drive-trains, R&amp;D, insurance &amp; finance </li>
<li>Logistics industry diesel transitioning will affect LT PGM demand, in particular platinum</li>
<li>Primary platinum-surplus to grow in time, downward pressure on price</li>
</ul>
Auto-catalysts make up the majority of platinums (41%) and in particular, palladium (84%) end use demand.  To determine the future demand profile for PGMs, therefore, we examined the types and likelihood of future drivetrains, as well as technologies affecting unit demand.
Hydrogen's key attraction is its potential green credentials, and if it was to ever became a reality, resultant PGM catalyst demand would outstrip all existing suppliers.  To achieve that noble aim, however, gargantuan energy resources would be needed to conduct electrolysis of water, thermodynamically, a very energy intensive process.  Our analysis concludes that hydrogen will remain a boutique industry, confined to economies with abundant hydrocarbon production, with conversion relying on steam reformation.  Overall impact of hydrogen on PGM demand, will be marginal at best.
Presently, EVs have substantial range and recharge hurdles to overcome before they could ever be a primary mode of transport for many; with global demand primarily driven by Chinese directives, not by the Western consumer.  In the short to medium-term, we do not expect EVs to impact PGM demand significantly.  However, we preface that statement by our belief that in the longer-term, the largest adopter of EVs will be within the commercial logistics sector, currently dominated by diesel power plants, which rely on a substantial amount of platinum within its auto-catalysts.  Widespread adoption of EVs and robotic drones and the replacement of traditional diesel drivetrains will only exacerbate current over-supply in platinum, in time, we forecast its price to fall substantially.
Hybrid sales are up 107% in Europe over the past three years without any state subsidies.  It is reasonable to assume that potential demand of PGMs have, and will continue to be, stymied by hybrid advances.  But we expect overall (even modest) growth in car volume sales should maintain current market dynamics, in the short to medium term.
Carpooling and a host of other transactional transport options are now a realistic, flexible and affordable life-style choice, that contradict the necessity of car ownership.  Especially among the inner-city urbanites, with Asia averaging a CAGR of 77.6% over the past decade.  Car manufacturers are already experiencing significant sales headwinds.  On average it has been found that members/fleet ratio (i.e. No. of cars divided by No. of members) range between 61 – 76, a fraction of unit demand when compared with an average Western family of three or four members, often owning two vehicles.  Using decade average regional CAGRs, projecting three years in advance, the potential number of decreased car sales globally could reach 62m by the close of 2019.  To put that into context, Volkswagen and Toyota produce between 10 to 11m  units each pa.  This raises the question of whether recent sluggish global car sales is somehow related to the almost exponential growth in carpooling/ride-share platforms?


Transportation industries Kodak Moment embracing Hybrids, modest near-term EV growth
Widespread adoption of Hydrogen considered unlikely
41% of Platinum &amp; 84% of Palladium reliant on autocatalyst demand
Hybrids in Europe up 107% in three years at 1:7 to diesel counterparts, without subsidies
Hybrid premium ~ 8% like-for-like over a combustion vehicle 
Carpooling/ride-share platforms have hallmarks of being a macro-trend
W. Asian carpool CAGR of 77.6% over past 11 years
Est. by close 2019 &gt;62m people globally will utilise trans. platforms, forgoing car ownership

Adverse impact on vehicle growth, models, drive-trains, R&amp;D, insurance &amp; finance 
Logistics industry diesel transitioning will affect LT PGM demand, in particular platinum
Primary platinum-surplus to grow in time, downward pressure on price

Auto-catalysts make up the majority of platinums (41%) and in particular, palladium (84%) end use demand.  To determine the future demand profile for PGMs, therefore, we examined the types and likelihood of future drivetrains, as well as technologies affecting unit demand.
Hydrogen's key attraction is its potential green credentials, and if it was to ever became a reality, resultant PGM catalyst demand would outstrip all existing suppliers.  To achieve that noble aim, however, gargantuan energy resources would be needed to conduct electrolysis of water, thermodynamically, a very energy intensive process.  Our analysis concludes that hydrogen will remain a boutique industry, confined to economies with abundant hydrocarbon production, with conversion relying on steam reformation.  Overall impact of hydrogen on PGM demand, will be marginal at best.
Presently, EVs have substantial range and recharge hurdles to overcome before they could ever be a primary mode of transport for many; with global demand primarily driven by Chinese directives, not by the Western consumer.  In the short to medium-term, we do not expect EVs to impact PGM demand significantly.  However, we preface that statement by our belief that in the longer-term, the largest adopter of EVs will be within the commercial logistics sector, currently dominated by diesel power plants, which rely on a substantial amount of platinum within its auto-catalysts.  Widespread adoption of EVs and robotic drones and the replacement of traditional diesel drivetrains will only exacerbate current over-supply in platinum, in time, we forecast its price to fall substantially.
Hybrid sales are up 107% in Europe over the past three years without any state subsidies.  It is reasonable to assume that potential demand of PGMs have, and will continue to be, stymied by hybrid advances.  But we expect overall (even modest) growth in car volume sales should maintain current market dynamics, in the short to medium term.
Carpooling and a host of other transactional transport options are now a realistic, flexible and affordable life-style choice, that contradict the necessity of car ownership.  Especially among the inner-city urbanites, with Asia averaging a CAGR of 77.6% over the past decade.  Car manufacturers are already experiencing significant sales headwinds.  On average it has been found that members/fleet ratio (i.e. No. of cars divided by No. of members) range between 61 – 76, a fraction of unit demand when compared with an average Western family of three or four members, often owning two vehicles.  Using decade average regional CAGRs, projecting three years in advance, the potential number of decreased car sales globally could reach 62m by the close of 2019.  To put that into context, Volkswagen and Toyota produce between 10 to 11m  units each pa.  This raises the question of whether recent sluggish global car sales is somehow related to the almost exponential growth in carpooling/ride-share platforms?

PGMs: Facing Technological Obsolescence? (P. 2)

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist, LightStream Research

Campbell Gunn

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist

ja research

ja research is an independent research platform focused exclusively on Japanese equities. Leveraging data and graphic analysis provided by Japan Analytics, we provide insights on small and medium-sized companies that have been ignored by the sell-side as well as challenging conventional wisdom on larger companies. We also offer analyst and corporate access, the latter with translation if required. 

<div class="content-caption">
<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/083/132/original/2019-03-25_18-58-11.png?1553507902" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="83132"></figure>Source: Japan Analytics
</div>There are currently 241 listed Japanese companies that can be categorised as Internet businesses. Our classification overlaps with the TOPIX-33 Information &amp; Communication sub-Sector but is broader in that it encompasses all companies listed on all sections and exchanges but is also narrower in that we have excluded Telecommunications (including <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/315" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:315:1">S</a><a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/315" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:315:1">oftbank Group (9984 JP)</a>) and Information Technology companies. We have adopted a 'quantamental' approach which covers the long-term and current trends for Japan's Internet Sector as a whole, as well as eight sub-Sectors or Peer Groups and the Sectors' leading companies by market capitalisation.  Our focus is exclusively on the locally-listed universe and is based on disclosed financial and market data. We do not provide any forecasts, other than the companies' own forecasts and we do not attempt to make any business model or strategic judgments. Our focus is purely on financial and market performance. We do not cover unlisted and defunct companies such as Livedoor and, therefore, there is implicit survivor bias in the data. The broad themes that are developed in DETAIL below are grouped into six topics as follows: - • SUMMARY •  • FUNDAMENTAL OVERVIEW •  • SCORING - RESULTS &amp; REVISIONS / RELATIVE PRICE •  • RESULTS TRENDS •  • VALUATION • • RECOMMENDATIONS •<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/083/206/original/2019-03-25_17-46-58.png?1553565764" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="83206"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source: Japan Analytics</div>OVERVIEW - As will be covered in greater DETAIL below, Japan has failed to evolve a substantial Internet Sector and, in many business models, has been passed by global competitors including in the home market. Although Internet Sector revenues have grown steadily and now account for close to 1% of the total for all listed companies, operating margins have declined by half in the last seven years and are now only four percentage points higher than the market average. Accordingly, as measured by our Results &amp; Revision Score, the Sector is close to a twelve-year low. The market's response is an unchanged Sector weight in the market composite despite the addition of 111 new companies in the last six years, and a Relative Price Score that has moved in a narrow range over that period. The Sector averages disguise the weak business and market performance of a handful of Sector leaders as well as the overvaluation of the Sector's more successful business models, which is partly a result of a lack of alternatives. Despite the world's most significant Internet investor - <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/315" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:315:1">Softbank Group (9984 JP)</a>'s Vision Fund - being based in Japan, this fund and other global investors in Internet business have been right to give Japan a 'pass'.


Source: Japan Analytics
There are currently 241 listed Japanese companies that can be categorised as Internet businesses. Our classification overlaps with the TOPIX-33 Information &amp; Communication sub-Sector but is broader in that it encompasses all companies listed on all sections and exchanges but is also narrower in that we have excluded Telecommunications (including Softbank Group (9984 JP)) and Information Technology companies. We have adopted a 'quantamental' approach which covers the long-term and current trends for Japan's Internet Sector as a whole, as well as eight sub-Sectors or Peer Groups and the Sectors' leading companies by market capitalisation.  Our focus is exclusively on the locally-listed universe and is based on disclosed financial and market data. We do not provide any forecasts, other than the companies' own forecasts and we do not attempt to make any business model or strategic judgments. Our focus is purely on financial and market performance. We do not cover unlisted and defunct companies such as Livedoor and, therefore, there is implicit survivor bias in the data. The broad themes that are developed in DETAIL below are grouped into six topics as follows: - • SUMMARY •  • FUNDAMENTAL OVERVIEW •  • SCORING - RESULTS &amp; REVISIONS / RELATIVE PRICE •  • RESULTS TRENDS •  • VALUATION • • RECOMMENDATIONS •Source: Japan AnalyticsOVERVIEW - As will be covered in greater DETAIL below, Japan has failed to evolve a substantial Internet Sector and, in many business models, has been passed by global competitors including in the home market. Although Internet Sector revenues have grown steadily and now account for close to 1% of the total for all listed companies, operating margins have declined by half in the last seven years and are now only four percentage points higher than the market average. Accordingly, as measured by our Results &amp; Revision Score, the Sector is close to a twelve-year low. The market's response is an unchanged Sector weight in the market composite despite the addition of 111 new companies in the last six years, and a Relative Price Score that has moved in a narrow range over that period. The Sector averages disguise the weak business and market performance of a handful of Sector leaders as well as the overvaluation of the Sector's more successful business models, which is partly a result of a lack of alternatives. Despite the world's most significant Internet investor - Softbank Group (9984 JP)'s Vision Fund - being based in Japan, this fund and other global investors in Internet business have been right to give Japan a 'pass'. 

🇯🇵 Japan • Internet Sector Review - 'Japan Passing'

Cross-Asset Strategist & Quantitative Analyst, Pennock Idea Hub

Cam Hui

Cross-Asset Strategist & Quantitative Analyst

Pennock Idea Hub

We are creators of independent equity research. The Pennock Idea Hub team are veterans of the investment industry. Much of our team has spent their careers at Merrill Lynch, Deutsche Bank, RBC Capital Markets and Wood Gundy. We have taken every aspect of research back to the studs and returned to first principles. The Pennock Idea Hub marries the interests of the sell and buy side. 

We offer the best research for institutional investors by:

-Only publishing research from veteran analysts
-Eliminate the inherent conflicts of the traditional sell and buy side relationship
-Ensure our team is always accessible; collaboration with clients nurtures our collective success

Cross-Asset & Quantitative Research

As we bid adieu to the Q1 2019, there has been increasing angst about the possibility of a recession, though we have expressed our view that a number of internals cast doubt about the usefulness of the inverted yield curve signal (see <a href="https://humblestudentofthemarkets.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/20190325-How-the-market-could-melt-up.pdf" target="_blank">How the Market Could Melt Up</a>). Notwithstanding my skepticism, we would like to explore what happens in a recession.Recessions are cathartic processes that unwind the excesses of the past expansion cycle. The most obvious excess in this cycle has been the rise of Silicon Valley unicorns, private companies with valuations in excess of $1 billion.The enthusiasm that greeted the Lyft IPO has raised angst among some investors about the herd of unicorns stampeding toward the IPO door (see our colleague Barbara Gray’s report, <a href="https://www.pennockideahub.com/barbara-gray/" target="_blank">Why I Am Not Drinking the Lyft Kool-Aid &amp; New Insights from SXSW</a>). Could a stampede of unicorns mark a market top, and their subsequent cull sink the American economy?We find that while a unicorn cull could hurt some investors, these investors are well capitalized and losses are unlikely to be catastrophic for their portfolio. Unicorn investments are funded by VC money, which is not subject to little financial leverage, and the lack of leverage should be a mitigating factor in cushioning the economy from the worst of these effects.In addition, stock market valuations are elevated, but not at dangerous levels and there is no sign of a valuation bubble. The risk of a unicorn IPO crash dragging down stock prices is low. However, scenario of an IPO FOMO stampede that causes stock price surge, followed by a crash, remains on the table, but the market has to go up before it goes down.Further analysis of the risk of a global recession indicates that slowdown risk is relatively low. Investors should be able to sleep well, and stay with a risk-on profile in their portfolios.

As we bid adieu to the Q1 2019, there has been increasing angst about the possibility of a recession, though we have expressed our view that a number of internals cast doubt about the usefulness of the inverted yield curve signal (see How the Market Could Melt Up). Notwithstanding my skepticism, we would like to explore what happens in a recession.Recessions are cathartic processes that unwind the excesses of the past expansion cycle. The most obvious excess in this cycle has been the rise of Silicon Valley unicorns, private companies with valuations in excess of $1 billion.The enthusiasm that greeted the Lyft IPO has raised angst among some investors about the herd of unicorns stampeding toward the IPO door (see our colleague Barbara Gray’s report, Why I Am Not Drinking the Lyft Kool-Aid &amp; New Insights from SXSW). Could a stampede of unicorns mark a market top, and their subsequent cull sink the American economy?We find that while a unicorn cull could hurt some investors, these investors are well capitalized and losses are unlikely to be catastrophic for their portfolio. Unicorn investments are funded by VC money, which is not subject to little financial leverage, and the lack of leverage should be a mitigating factor in cushioning the economy from the worst of these effects.In addition, stock market valuations are elevated, but not at dangerous levels and there is no sign of a valuation bubble. The risk of a unicorn IPO crash dragging down stock prices is low. However, scenario of an IPO FOMO stampede that causes stock price surge, followed by a crash, remains on the table, but the market has to go up before it goes down.Further analysis of the risk of a global recession indicates that slowdown risk is relatively low. Investors should be able to sleep well, and stay with a risk-on profile in their portfolios.

Could A Unicorn Cull Tank The US Economy?

United States

Lyft, Inc. provides online ridesharing services. The Company offers ride booking, payment processing, and car transportation services. Lyft serves customers in the United States.

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Lyft (LYFT US)

GO (581A JP) IPO: Valuation Insights

The IPO price range has been set at JPY2,350-2,400 compared to the reference price of JPY2,350. The domestic/international mix has changed from 34%...

Arun George

Aequitas: GO Inc IPO - Final Thoughts on Valuations - Domestically Dominant, but Not at a Discount

GO (581A JP) a leading taxi app in Japan, aims to raise around US$550m via a secondary selldown in its Japan IPO. In this note, we talk about...

Sumeet Singh

PGMs: Facing Technological Obsolescence? (P. 2)

Transportation industries Kodak Moment embracing Hybrids, modest near-term EV growth Widespread adoption of Hydrogen considered unlikely 41% of...

Boost Research

🇯🇵 Japan • Internet Sector Review - 'Japan Passing'

There are currently 241 listed Japanese companies that can be categorised as Internet businesses. Our classification overlaps with the TOPIX-33...

Campbell Gunn

Could A Unicorn Cull Tank The US Economy?

As we bid adieu to the Q1 2019, there has been increasing angst about the possibility of a recession, though we have expressed our view that a...

Cam Hui

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