Fundamental Principles of the Stock Market, From 0 to 1 in the Stock Market

From 0 to 1 in the Stock Market

Fundamental Principles of the Stock Market

Fundamental principles of the stock market, earnings reviews and research. My name is Giuliano Mana, I’m 23 years old. I have a B.A Degree in Finance and I’m a Master’s candidate at Brandeis IBS. I’ve been thoroughly going over huge amounts of reading material regarding the stock market and hope to transmit some insights here.

Equity Bottom-Up

NTG Clarity Networks Inc. is a network company that provides a full range of consulting and outsourcing services to the telecommunications industry.  The Company provides design, documentation, and implementation expertise to network service providers.

<ul><li>NTG Clarity Networks generated $83M in revenue and 10.7M in operating income during 2025. It trades at $19M market cap.</li><li>I estimate liquidation value to be ~$26M, or $0.52 per share; this in contrast to its $0.38 share price.</li><li>For various reasons, revenue growth stalled, margins heavily contracted, and cash flow turned negative.</li></ul>

NTG Clarity Networks generated $83M in revenue and 10.7M in operating income during 2025. It trades at $19M market cap.I estimate liquidation value to be ~$26M, or $0.52 per share; this in contrast to its $0.38 share price.For various reasons, revenue growth stalled, margins heavily contracted, and cash flow turned negative.

Selling at <2x normalized EBIT and below liquidation value

Canaf Investments Inc. operates as an investment company. The Company focuses on investments in coal mining companies. Canaf Investments serves customers in Southern Africa.

<ul><li>Canaf is a $14.9M market cap business with $9.8M in net cash that earned $2.3M in 2025.</li><li>The CEO is redeploying capital derived from a South African commodity business into higher-return opportunities.</li><li>I believe margin expansion and continued growth are inevitable, which should lead to an aggressive rerating.</li></ul>

Canaf is a $14.9M market cap business with $9.8M in net cash that earned $2.3M in 2025.The CEO is redeploying capital derived from a South African commodity business into higher-return opportunities.I believe margin expansion and continued growth are inevitable, which should lead to an aggressive rerating.

Systematically profitable business selling at ~2x EV/EBIT

OMS Energy Technologies / Equity Bottom-Up

OMS Energy Technologies, Inc. is a holding company, which engages in the manufacture of surface wellhead systems and oil country tubular goods for the oil and gas industry. The firm offers specialty connectors and pipes, surface wellhead and Christmas tree, threading services, and other ancillary services including repair of drilling tools, tubular goods, and accessories. It operates through the following geographical segments: Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Others. The company was founded in 1972 and is headquartered in Singapore.

<ul><li>OMS trades below book value with 80% of their book being cash &amp; other current assets while generating $30M+ in profit. Reported fiscal year results two weeks ago.</li><li>OMS was a struggling division on last O&amp;G down cycle at a Japanese conglomerate.</li><li>It was going to be liquidated and current management bought it from conglomerate for $2M; full bargain purchase.</li></ul>

OMS trades below book value with 80% of their book being cash &amp; other current assets while generating $30M+ in profit. Reported fiscal year results two weeks ago.OMS was a struggling division on last O&amp;G down cycle at a Japanese conglomerate.It was going to be liquidated and current management bought it from conglomerate for $2M; full bargain purchase.

Companies I’m Invested in – July 2026

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<p>A few years ago, How Meng Hock was leading OMS when Sumitomo (former parent) wanted to liquidate it due to the o&amp;g down cycle.</p>
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<p>How Meng bought the division from them for $2mm in late 2023. He turned OMS around, secured an estimated $120-$200mm per annum deal with Saudi Aramco, and listed OMSE in the Nasdaq at a ~$350mm mkt cap.</p>
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<p>How Meng didn’t sell a single share out of his ~60% ownership, despite the extraordinary results of his investment.</p>
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A few years ago, How Meng Hock was leading OMS when Sumitomo (former parent) wanted to liquidate it due to the o&amp;g down cycle.


How Meng bought the division from them for $2mm in late 2023. He turned OMS around, secured an estimated $120-$200mm per annum deal with Saudi Aramco, and listed OMSE in the Nasdaq at a ~$350mm mkt cap.


How Meng didn’t sell a single share out of his ~60% ownership, despite the extraordinary results of his investment.




Grew 4x in past 4ys - trading at ~2.5x EV/FCF

SuperCom Ltd. develops and markets electronic identity solutions including electronic monitoring, identification and security products. The Company provides radio frequency identification (RFID) and mobile technology products globally to governments, public and private organizations. SuperCom serves multiple industries including healthcare, security, public safety and livestock.

<ul><li>The company reported their 20-F last Tuesday and it’s unclear to me what to think of it.</li><li>From a mathematical point of view, it seems at an attractive level: SuperCom withstood two long decades of disastrous managerial administration.</li><li>Ordan Trabelsi, son of the former CEO, was leading the US division; he took it from $0 to $6-10M in sales in less than a decade.</li></ul>

The company reported their 20-F last Tuesday and it’s unclear to me what to think of it.From a mathematical point of view, it seems at an attractive level: SuperCom withstood two long decades of disastrous managerial administration.Ordan Trabelsi, son of the former CEO, was leading the US division; he took it from $0 to $6-10M in sales in less than a decade.

SuperCom - Growing 40% at Potentially ~2x 2026 EBITDA