Senior Technology Analyst, Japanese Equities, LightStream Research

Scott Foster

Senior Technology Analyst, Japanese Equities

Equity Bottom-Up

Yokogawa Electric is one of the world's leading suppliers of distributed control systems (DCS) used in the LNG, oil &amp; gas, petrochemical and other industries. It is particularly strong in LNG, having provided control systems for dozens of liquefaction trains, LNG carriers and re-gasification plants.Unlike Chiyoda Corporation (6366 JP) and JGC (1963 JP), which depend on a small number of large engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) orders, which can be as large as ¥500 billion, Yokogawa only rarely receives an order as large as ¥10 billion and most of its orders are less than ¥1 billion. It is geared primarily to ongoing investments and operating expenditures in its user industries, less exposed to highly variable orders for large LNG and other engineering projects, and relatively immune to cost overruns and other problems at projects gone wrong.Margins have expanded over the past several years due to a combination of restructuring and technological advance. Unprofitable non-core businesses have been abandoned or sold, high-wage domestic employees retired, and administration, manufacturing and logistics rationalized. Enterprise and robotic process automation (RPA) software have been introduced and an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) cloud computing platform is under development.  Top-line growth has been slow, but the operating margin has risen from from 5.0% in FY Mar-12 to 8.0% in FY Mar-18, and should reach 10% in FY Mar-21, in our estimation.At ¥2,215 (Wednesday, March 13 closing price), the shares are selling at 23x our EPS estimate for FY Mar-19 and 20x our estimate for FY Mar-21. Projected EV/EBITDA multiples for the same two years are 9.8x and 8.2x. These and other projected valuation multiples are above their recent historical averages, but indicate upside potential of 20% or more if the anticipated upturn in new LNG investments materializes. Investors willing to take on more speculative risk should look at Chiyoda and JGC.

Yokogawa Electric is one of the world's leading suppliers of distributed control systems (DCS) used in the LNG, oil &amp; gas, petrochemical and other industries. It is particularly strong in LNG, having provided control systems for dozens of liquefaction trains, LNG carriers and re-gasification plants.Unlike Chiyoda Corporation (6366 JP) and JGC (1963 JP), which depend on a small number of large engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) orders, which can be as large as ¥500 billion, Yokogawa only rarely receives an order as large as ¥10 billion and most of its orders are less than ¥1 billion. It is geared primarily to ongoing investments and operating expenditures in its user industries, less exposed to highly variable orders for large LNG and other engineering projects, and relatively immune to cost overruns and other problems at projects gone wrong.Margins have expanded over the past several years due to a combination of restructuring and technological advance. Unprofitable non-core businesses have been abandoned or sold, high-wage domestic employees retired, and administration, manufacturing and logistics rationalized. Enterprise and robotic process automation (RPA) software have been introduced and an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) cloud computing platform is under development.  Top-line growth has been slow, but the operating margin has risen from from 5.0% in FY Mar-12 to 8.0% in FY Mar-18, and should reach 10% in FY Mar-21, in our estimation.At ¥2,215 (Wednesday, March 13 closing price), the shares are selling at 23x our EPS estimate for FY Mar-19 and 20x our estimate for FY Mar-21. Projected EV/EBITDA multiples for the same two years are 9.8x and 8.2x. These and other projected valuation multiples are above their recent historical averages, but indicate upside potential of 20% or more if the anticipated upturn in new LNG investments materializes. Investors willing to take on more speculative risk should look at Chiyoda and JGC.

Yokogawa Electric (6841 JP): A Less Risky Investment in LNG Engineering

Japan/Asia Long-Short, LightStream Research

Mio Kato

Japan/Asia Long-Short

Long-Short Analysis on Japan, Asia and the World

LightStream Research

LightStream conducts quantitatively rigorous and data-driven analysis with a focus on Japan and Asia.

We consistently cover the Tech, Consumer and Industrial sectors, and provide ECM and Events coverage more broadly.

We supplement traditional qualitative insights from company relationships with a robust quantitative foundation that examines as much historical data as is available.
We further refine the accuracy of our insights and calls through the use of alternative data to flesh out current trends, and through a valuation framework that emphasises non-superficial peer group selection and a proper attempt to understand the metrics and changes that have driven security valuations in the past.

Event-Driven

The key point of interest for investors regarding <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/6232" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:6232:1">Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP)</a> continues to be details surrounding its upcoming capital raise. The company has, since early November when it incurred these losses, offered scant details regarding the structure of the capital raise, except to note that the components would include additional loans and equity from industrial partners and most likely, main shareholder <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/20668" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:20668:1">Mitsubishi Corp (8058 JP)</a>.We visited the company to gather as much information as possible on the potential structure of the capital increase and to update the order outlook and reasons for further cost overruns.

The key point of interest for investors regarding Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP) continues to be details surrounding its upcoming capital raise. The company has, since early November when it incurred these losses, offered scant details regarding the structure of the capital raise, except to note that the components would include additional loans and equity from industrial partners and most likely, main shareholder Mitsubishi Corp (8058 JP).We visited the company to gather as much information as possible on the potential structure of the capital increase and to update the order outlook and reasons for further cost overruns.

Chiyoda: Minor Updates About the Major Capital Infusion, Cost Overruns and Upcoming Orders

Global energy equity and oil & gas macro analyst

Anish Kapadia

Akap Energy

Qatar Petroleum and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/811" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:811:1">Exxon Mobil (XOM US)</a> have taken a positive final investment decision (FID) on the Golden Pass LNG export facility on the US Gulf Coast, one of 25 projects up for FID this year globally. Golden Pass awarded the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts for the project to a joint venture of <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/6232" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:6232:1">Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP)</a>, <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/17524" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:17524:1">Mcdermott Intl (MDR US)</a> and Zachry Group, with the project expected to cost US$10bn and come on line in 2024. We discuss the company impacts, the project detail and market impacts

Qatar Petroleum and Exxon Mobil (XOM US) have taken a positive final investment decision (FID) on the Golden Pass LNG export facility on the US Gulf Coast, one of 25 projects up for FID this year globally. Golden Pass awarded the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts for the project to a joint venture of Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP), Mcdermott Intl (MDR US) and Zachry Group, with the project expected to cost US$10bn and come on line in 2024. We discuss the company impacts, the project detail and market impacts

Exxon and Qatar Proceed with US$10bn Golden Pass LNG Terminal: Positive for Chiyoda and MDR US

A number of the largest oil companies in the U.S. and Europe reported results last week including <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/811" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:811:1">Exxon Mobil (XOM US)</a> , <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/11091" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:11091:1">Chevron Corp (CVX US)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/22108" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:22108:1">Royal Dutch Shell (RDSA LN)</a>, all showing strong share price performance on the back of their results and outlook statements.We look at the main topics of interest that came out of the results so far and what this means for the oil and gas sector. The areas in focus were the strong cash flow generation and capex plans, reserve replacement, new LNG projects, IMO impact for the refining sector and digitalisation. The upstream areas that got the most focus were the US onshore (specifically the Permian), US Gulf of Mexico, Guyana, Brazil and Venezuela. This follows on from our note <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/insights/2019-energy-market-themes-stocks-with-exposure-focus-on-oil-refining-lng-m-a-renewables" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="insights:27522">2019 Energy Market Themes &amp; Stocks with Exposure: Focus on Oil, Refining, LNG, M&amp;A &amp; Renewables</a>.

A number of the largest oil companies in the U.S. and Europe reported results last week including Exxon Mobil (XOM US) , Chevron Corp (CVX US) and Royal Dutch Shell (RDSA LN), all showing strong share price performance on the back of their results and outlook statements.We look at the main topics of interest that came out of the results so far and what this means for the oil and gas sector. The areas in focus were the strong cash flow generation and capex plans, reserve replacement, new LNG projects, IMO impact for the refining sector and digitalisation. The upstream areas that got the most focus were the US onshore (specifically the Permian), US Gulf of Mexico, Guyana, Brazil and Venezuela. This follows on from our note 2019 Energy Market Themes &amp; Stocks with Exposure: Focus on Oil, Refining, LNG, M&amp;A &amp; Renewables.

Oil Majors Results: The Main Take-Aways. We Are Positive on Hess, Valero and Chevron

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist, LightStream Research

Campbell Gunn

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist

ja research

ja research is an independent research platform focused exclusively on Japanese equities. Leveraging data and graphic analysis provided by Japan Analytics, we provide insights on small and medium-sized companies that have been ignored by the sell-side as well as challenging conventional wisdom on larger companies. We also offer analyst and corporate access, the latter with translation if required. 

Quantitative Analysis

<div class="content-caption">
<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/076/722/original/2019-01-26_16-21-53.png?1548487323" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="76722"></figure>

Source: Japan Analytics
</div>
CONSISTENCY PAYS - In troubled markets, investors often seek out companies with greater earnings stability and a history of consistent stock outperformance. Conversely, companies that offer investors more of a rollercoaster ride (<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/6232" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:6232:1">Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP)</a> being an excellent recent example) are less rewarding, especially when adjusted for volatility. In an attempt to sort the 'Steady Eddies' from the Rollercoaster Rides', we have created a Consistency Score - a composite based on our Results Score, Forecast/Revision Score, Relative Price Score and Volume Score - which measures the variability, consistency, correlation, and range of each of these scores for every company.  Cap-weighted aggregate Consistency Scores are then derived for 321 Peer Groups and 29 Sectors - REITs are excluded from this analysis. Over 3 million data points have been reviewed in creating this analysis. As the old slogan goes - "we do the work, so you don't have to'.
'CARP = CONSISTENCY-AT-A-REASONABLE-PRICE' - Our findings will not surprise long-term investors in Japanese equities; the simple asset allocation decision to prefer domestic growth over global value has determined the quartile-ranking of many strategies in recent years. Although many of these Sectors, Peer Groups and stocks are now overvalued, we do not expect the underlying business dynamics to change in the years ahead and many excellent investment opportunities remain, especially down the cap-scale. Periodic and often substantial mean reversions in the more cyclical sectors, such as the one that has occurred in the last two days, will offer attractive trading opportunities for more-nimble portfolio managers. Longer-term orientated investors are better-advised to continue to favour 'consistency-at-a-reasonable-price'.  Some of our 'findings', as explained in more DETAIL below, are as follows: - 
<ul class="">
<li>
SECTORS - The better investors in Japan over the last two decades have eschewed traditional manufacturing in favour of Services, IT/Internet, Retail, Restaurants and 'FB&amp;T'. Only Machinery and Electrical Equipment outperformed the market's 4% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over the period.</li>
<li>
PEER GROUPS- The most-consistent Peer Groups are found in industries associated with food, drugs, welfare, shelter and amusement. Only five of the top-forty Peer Groups - Online Payment Services, E-Commerce, IT System Services, Telecom Distribution Services and Internet Software &amp; Services belong to the 'new age'. There are no manufacturing Peer Groups in the top-forty. The best performing Peer Group is Securities Services, and the worst-performing is Investment Management &amp; Advice. Although both have similar levels of consistency, the stock exchange has beaten its fund managers by 28% annually since 2005.</li>
<li>
COMPANIES - The simple average fourteen-year compound annual share price appreciation for all listed large-cap companies is +5.1%. For all listed companies the average falls to just +0.5%, highlighting the perils of investing in Japan's small caps. The average share price CAGR for our hindsight-selected top-forty is +18.7%. In contrast, only one of our forty least-consistent companies outperformed the market and the average for the least-consistent forty companies was a negative -3.2%.   Unsurprisingly, there are eight banks and six steel companies on the list, along with two glass companies and two shipping lines.</li>
<li>
CONSISTENCY HALL OF FAME/SHAME AWARDS - We have selected one company from each of the most and least consistent lists as the winner of a 'Consistency Award'. Both are highlighted in the chart above. One of them will be as surprising to many readers as it was to us.  </li>
</ul>




Source: Japan Analytics

CONSISTENCY PAYS - In troubled markets, investors often seek out companies with greater earnings stability and a history of consistent stock outperformance. Conversely, companies that offer investors more of a rollercoaster ride (Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP) being an excellent recent example) are less rewarding, especially when adjusted for volatility. In an attempt to sort the 'Steady Eddies' from the Rollercoaster Rides', we have created a Consistency Score - a composite based on our Results Score, Forecast/Revision Score, Relative Price Score and Volume Score - which measures the variability, consistency, correlation, and range of each of these scores for every company.  Cap-weighted aggregate Consistency Scores are then derived for 321 Peer Groups and 29 Sectors - REITs are excluded from this analysis. Over 3 million data points have been reviewed in creating this analysis. As the old slogan goes - "we do the work, so you don't have to'.
'CARP = CONSISTENCY-AT-A-REASONABLE-PRICE' - Our findings will not surprise long-term investors in Japanese equities; the simple asset allocation decision to prefer domestic growth over global value has determined the quartile-ranking of many strategies in recent years. Although many of these Sectors, Peer Groups and stocks are now overvalued, we do not expect the underlying business dynamics to change in the years ahead and many excellent investment opportunities remain, especially down the cap-scale. Periodic and often substantial mean reversions in the more cyclical sectors, such as the one that has occurred in the last two days, will offer attractive trading opportunities for more-nimble portfolio managers. Longer-term orientated investors are better-advised to continue to favour 'consistency-at-a-reasonable-price'.  Some of our 'findings', as explained in more DETAIL below, are as follows: - 


SECTORS - The better investors in Japan over the last two decades have eschewed traditional manufacturing in favour of Services, IT/Internet, Retail, Restaurants and 'FB&amp;T'. Only Machinery and Electrical Equipment outperformed the market's 4% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over the period.

PEER GROUPS- The most-consistent Peer Groups are found in industries associated with food, drugs, welfare, shelter and amusement. Only five of the top-forty Peer Groups - Online Payment Services, E-Commerce, IT System Services, Telecom Distribution Services and Internet Software &amp; Services belong to the 'new age'. There are no manufacturing Peer Groups in the top-forty. The best performing Peer Group is Securities Services, and the worst-performing is Investment Management &amp; Advice. Although both have similar levels of consistency, the stock exchange has beaten its fund managers by 28% annually since 2005.

COMPANIES - The simple average fourteen-year compound annual share price appreciation for all listed large-cap companies is +5.1%. For all listed companies the average falls to just +0.5%, highlighting the perils of investing in Japan's small caps. The average share price CAGR for our hindsight-selected top-forty is +18.7%. In contrast, only one of our forty least-consistent companies outperformed the market and the average for the least-consistent forty companies was a negative -3.2%.   Unsurprisingly, there are eight banks and six steel companies on the list, along with two glass companies and two shipping lines.

CONSISTENCY HALL OF FAME/SHAME AWARDS - We have selected one company from each of the most and least consistent lists as the winner of a 'Consistency Award'. Both are highlighted in the chart above. One of them will be as surprising to many readers as it was to us.  


Japan: Consistency Scores - Steady Eddies V. Rollercoaster Rides

Japan

CHIYODA CORPORATION constructs, inspects, and maintains industrial plants around the world.  Those plants include oil refinery, petrochemical, food, and pharmaceutical plants.  The Company also provides comprehensive engineering services for such as energy saving, factory automation (FA), and environmental preservation for water treatment and soil purification.

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Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP)

Yokogawa Electric (6841 JP): A Less Risky Investment in LNG Engineering

Yokogawa Electric is one of the world's leading suppliers of distributed control systems (DCS) used in the LNG, oil & gas, petrochemical and...

Scott Foster

Chiyoda: Minor Updates About the Major Capital Infusion, Cost Overruns and Upcoming Orders

The key point of interest for investors regarding Chiyoda Corp (6366 JP) continues to be details surrounding its upcoming capital raise. The...

Mio Kato

Exxon and Qatar Proceed with US$10bn Golden Pass LNG Terminal: Positive for Chiyoda and MDR US

Qatar Petroleum and Exxon Mobil (XOM US) have taken a positive final investment decision (FID) on the Golden Pass LNG export facility on the US...

Anish Kapadia

Oil Majors Results: The Main Take-Aways. We Are Positive on Hess, Valero and Chevron

A number of the largest oil companies in the U.S. and Europe reported results last week including Exxon Mobil (XOM US) , Chevron Corp (CVX US) and...

Anish Kapadia

Japan: Consistency Scores - Steady Eddies V. Rollercoaster Rides

CONSISTENCY PAYS - In troubled markets, investors often seek out companies with greater earnings stability and a history of consistent stock...

Campbell Gunn

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