Japan Specialist

Mark Chadwick

Thematic (Sector/Industry)

<ul>
<li>Inflation is on the rise in Japan. Consumers have not seen higher food prices for years and are in for a shock</li>
<li>Higher wheat prices will be painful. The impact of the Ukraine war will remain for several months. </li>
<li>Several food companies rely on wheat as a key ingredient, but the impact will be more severe for some. We highlight a carbo-neutral pair trade</li>
</ul>


Inflation is on the rise in Japan. Consumers have not seen higher food prices for years and are in for a shock
Higher wheat prices will be painful. The impact of the Ukraine war will remain for several months. 
Several food companies rely on wheat as a key ingredient, but the impact will be more severe for some. We highlight a carbo-neutral pair trade


Higher Prices to Test Japan's Appetite for Wheat

Equity Analyst, LightStream Research

Oshadhi Kumarasiri

Equity Analyst

Long-Short Analysis on Japan, Asia and the World

LightStream Research

LightStream conducts quantitatively rigorous and data-driven analysis with a focus on Japan and Asia.

We consistently cover the Tech, Consumer and Industrial sectors, and provide ECM and Events coverage more broadly.

We supplement traditional qualitative insights from company relationships with a robust quantitative foundation that examines as much historical data as is available.
We further refine the accuracy of our insights and calls through the use of alternative data to flesh out current trends, and through a valuation framework that emphasises non-superficial peer group selection and a proper attempt to understand the metrics and changes that have driven security valuations in the past.

Equity Bottom-Up

<ul>
<li>
<a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/yamazaki-baking-co-ltd" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:7658:1" rel="noopener">Yamazaki Baking (2212 JP)</a> raised prices in January 2022 due to rising oil prices. We are expecting another price hike very soon to reflect the 60% increase in wheat prices.</li>
<li>These price hikes may not increase Yamazaki Baking’s 2022 OP margin significantly above the guided level.</li>
<li>However, once input prices normalise following the Russia Ukraine war, we could see Yamazaki Baking’s OP margin reaching 4.0% in the medium term.</li>
</ul>



Yamazaki Baking (2212 JP) raised prices in January 2022 due to rising oil prices. We are expecting another price hike very soon to reflect the 60% increase in wheat prices.
These price hikes may not increase Yamazaki Baking’s 2022 OP margin significantly above the guided level.
However, once input prices normalise following the Russia Ukraine war, we could see Yamazaki Baking’s OP margin reaching 4.0% in the medium term.


Yamazaki Baking: As Margins Double, 100% Upside Is Possible

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist, LightStream Research

Campbell Gunn

'Quantamental' Japan Specialist

ja research

ja research is an independent research platform focused exclusively on Japanese equities. Leveraging data and graphic analysis provided by Japan Analytics, we provide insights on small and medium-sized companies that have been ignored by the sell-side as well as challenging conventional wisdom on larger companies. We also offer analyst and corporate access, the latter with translation if required. 

<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/118/403/original/2020-02-18_08-44-22.png?1581983074" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="118403"></figure><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/118/404/original/2020-02-18_08-42-56.png?1581983098" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="118404"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div>THREE-YEAR LOW - With <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/bridgestone-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:8914:1" rel="noopener">Bridgestone (5108 JP)</a>'s results and revision now added, our final tally for this season is a 196 basis point decline in our Results Sore - the lowest since March 2017.  In contrast, the Forecast/Revision Score reached a three-month high as the 470 companies with December year-ends put an optimistic gloss on their medium-term outlook. As we have noted in our recent daily roundups, a normal precondition for a cycle low is for the Forecast/Revision Score to rise above the Results Score. Forecast/Revision Score peaks and troughs usually occur one to two quarters ahead of those for the Results Score.  Covid-19's impact will likely see the 2016 'playbook' repeated next quarter with a lower Results Score and a 'sideways' Forecast/Results Score. The Results Score cycle low point will be reached with the mostly-interim results to be released in six months. <figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/118/405/original/2020-02-18_09-29-28.png?1581985792" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="118405"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div>LEADING INDICATOR - By including several momentum factors into our Scoring (see below), we can provide a better indication of future business conditions. Indeed there is a 0.83 correlation between the Cabinet Office's Business Condition Leading Indicator and the Forecast/Revision Score. Reported earnings, as well as company forecasts, are lagging indicators and, as shown in Part 1 of this Insight. Both data series peaked one year after our Scores and the market peaked in early 2018. SCORING METHODOLOGY - For those new to these Insights, we briefly recap our scoring methodology below:-<ul>
<li>Results Scores are calculated using the most recent eight quarters of company data for Revenues, Operating Income and Operating Margin and, for each, measure the rate, degree and consistency of change. The Results Score has a maximum of +30 and a minimum of -30 for each period. Our data series commences from the time a particular company issues quarterly results. The sample size becomes significant from March 2005.</li>
<li>The Forecast/Revision Score is based on both Annual and Interim period company forecasts and compares changes from previous forecasts as well as against the trailing twelve-month (TTM) or previous first-half results, with annual forecasts being double-weighted. This Score also has a maximum of +30 and a minimum of -30 for each period.  For this series, our data samples start from August 2008.</li>
<li>The combined Results &amp; Revision Score (RRS) is the average of the Results Score and the Forecasts/Revision Score.</li>
<li>
All company Scores are then cap-weight-aggregated into Sector, Peer Group and Market Composite Scores for which the seventeen-year monthly and two-year daily track records are shown above. Only currently listed-companies are covered in the aggregate Scores, and the Total Market Capitalisation excludes delisted entities. REITs are not included.
<hr>
• SECTOR SCORES •
<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/118/410/original/2020-02-18_09-55-29.png?1581987489" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="118410"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div>
In the DETAIL Section below, we provide a detailed breakdown of our RRS Scoring for Sectors, Peer Groups and individual companies, highlighting this quarter's 'winners' and 'losers'. The chart above shows a  seventeen-year 'timeline' of the cap-weight-aggregated Sector RRS Scores and the ebbs and flows around the business cycles. The Metals Sector is the most volatile on the downside and has yet to 'bottom' this cycle. Technology Hardware appears to have already rebounded; however, Covid-19 suggests this Sector may relapse. On the upside, the Information Technology Sector has replaced the Internet and Telecoms Sectors as the contra-cyclical 'champion'. 
</li>
</ul>

Source • Japan AnalyticsTHREE-YEAR LOW - With Bridgestone (5108 JP)'s results and revision now added, our final tally for this season is a 196 basis point decline in our Results Sore - the lowest since March 2017.  In contrast, the Forecast/Revision Score reached a three-month high as the 470 companies with December year-ends put an optimistic gloss on their medium-term outlook. As we have noted in our recent daily roundups, a normal precondition for a cycle low is for the Forecast/Revision Score to rise above the Results Score. Forecast/Revision Score peaks and troughs usually occur one to two quarters ahead of those for the Results Score.  Covid-19's impact will likely see the 2016 'playbook' repeated next quarter with a lower Results Score and a 'sideways' Forecast/Results Score. The Results Score cycle low point will be reached with the mostly-interim results to be released in six months. Source • Japan AnalyticsLEADING INDICATOR - By including several momentum factors into our Scoring (see below), we can provide a better indication of future business conditions. Indeed there is a 0.83 correlation between the Cabinet Office's Business Condition Leading Indicator and the Forecast/Revision Score. Reported earnings, as well as company forecasts, are lagging indicators and, as shown in Part 1 of this Insight. Both data series peaked one year after our Scores and the market peaked in early 2018. SCORING METHODOLOGY - For those new to these Insights, we briefly recap our scoring methodology below:-
Results Scores are calculated using the most recent eight quarters of company data for Revenues, Operating Income and Operating Margin and, for each, measure the rate, degree and consistency of change. The Results Score has a maximum of +30 and a minimum of -30 for each period. Our data series commences from the time a particular company issues quarterly results. The sample size becomes significant from March 2005.
The Forecast/Revision Score is based on both Annual and Interim period company forecasts and compares changes from previous forecasts as well as against the trailing twelve-month (TTM) or previous first-half results, with annual forecasts being double-weighted. This Score also has a maximum of +30 and a minimum of -30 for each period.  For this series, our data samples start from August 2008.
The combined Results &amp; Revision Score (RRS) is the average of the Results Score and the Forecasts/Revision Score.

All company Scores are then cap-weight-aggregated into Sector, Peer Group and Market Composite Scores for which the seventeen-year monthly and two-year daily track records are shown above. Only currently listed-companies are covered in the aggregate Scores, and the Total Market Capitalisation excludes delisted entities. REITs are not included.

• SECTOR SCORES •
Source • Japan Analytics
In the DETAIL Section below, we provide a detailed breakdown of our RRS Scoring for Sectors, Peer Groups and individual companies, highlighting this quarter's 'winners' and 'losers'. The chart above shows a  seventeen-year 'timeline' of the cap-weight-aggregated Sector RRS Scores and the ebbs and flows around the business cycles. The Metals Sector is the most volatile on the downside and has yet to 'bottom' this cycle. Technology Hardware appears to have already rebounded; however, Covid-19 suggests this Sector may relapse. On the upside, the Information Technology Sector has replaced the Internet and Telecoms Sectors as the contra-cyclical 'champion'. 



🇯🇵 JAPAN • IT’S A WRAP! Part 2: 2020-Q1 Results & Revision Scores

<figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/118/081/original/2020-02-15_06-17-37.png?1581880049" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="118081"></figure><figure class="editor-figure mceNonEditable"><img src="https://static-prod.smartkarma.com/images/media/000/118/082/original/2020-02-17_04-10-15.png?1581880238" class="editor-image img-responsive" data-smartkarma-image-id="118082"></figure><div class="content-caption">Source • Japan Analytics</div>14TH FEBRUARY ROUNDUP - With apologies to <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/trend-micro-inc" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:13172:1" rel="noopener">Trend Micro (4704 JP)</a> and <a href="https://www.smartkarma.com/entities/bridgestone-corp" target="_blank" data-smartkarma-citation="entities:8914:1" rel="noopener">Bridgestone (5108 JP)</a> who have yet to report, this will be our last daily roundup for this 'season'. After an additional 398 results and 253 forecasts/revision announcements, our Results Score dropped by a further eight basis points to -0.84, a decline of 190 basis points since the beginning of the year. The Forecast/Revision Score added three bps to reach 0.70, forty basis point higher than at the end of December. The last time that the Forecast/Revision Score was more than 150 bps higher than the Results Score was in the first calendar quarter of 2016 and preceded a sharp market upturn. The current market value is, however, ¥160 trillion higher than at that point, assisted by the constant market intervention by the Bank of Japan. Covid-19's impact will see the 2016 playbook repeated next quarter with a lower Results Score and a 'sideways' Forecast/Results Score. We are less optimistic that the market will repeat the 14% rise seen in 2016-Q2. The cycle low point will be reached with the mostly-interim results to be released in six months.

Source • Japan Analytics14TH FEBRUARY ROUNDUP - With apologies to Trend Micro (4704 JP) and Bridgestone (5108 JP) who have yet to report, this will be our last daily roundup for this 'season'. After an additional 398 results and 253 forecasts/revision announcements, our Results Score dropped by a further eight basis points to -0.84, a decline of 190 basis points since the beginning of the year. The Forecast/Revision Score added three bps to reach 0.70, forty basis point higher than at the end of December. The last time that the Forecast/Revision Score was more than 150 bps higher than the Results Score was in the first calendar quarter of 2016 and preceded a sharp market upturn. The current market value is, however, ¥160 trillion higher than at that point, assisted by the constant market intervention by the Bank of Japan. Covid-19's impact will see the 2016 playbook repeated next quarter with a lower Results Score and a 'sideways' Forecast/Results Score. We are less optimistic that the market will repeat the 14% rise seen in 2016-Q2. The cycle low point will be reached with the mostly-interim results to be released in six months. 

🇯🇵 JAPAN • Results & Revisions Daily Roundup - 14th February ▲2212 4927 8358 ▼ 6502 6098 9435

<ul>
<li>1H and 9MFY2019 earnings misses forced Calbee to revise its FY2019 estimates</li>
<li>Increased costs, slower progress in international markets and sluggish Frugra brand sales led the company to revise its FY2019 estimates</li>
<li>Nikkei POS data: average price per unit is on a decline</li>
<li>Frugra brand recovery comes at the expense of average price per unit</li>
<li>Potato chips and potato-based snacks: sluggish performance driven by declining average price per unit</li>
<li>Unable to pass the cost inflation to customers due to falling average price per unit</li>
<li>Mid-term plan: unconvinced by Calbee’s plan for its domestic business</li>
<li>Falling out of favor with the Buy Side</li>
<li>The status quo on which the investment thesis is based on is changing</li>
<li>Conclusion</li>
</ul>


1H and 9MFY2019 earnings misses forced Calbee to revise its FY2019 estimates
Increased costs, slower progress in international markets and sluggish Frugra brand sales led the company to revise its FY2019 estimates
Nikkei POS data: average price per unit is on a decline
Frugra brand recovery comes at the expense of average price per unit
Potato chips and potato-based snacks: sluggish performance driven by declining average price per unit
Unable to pass the cost inflation to customers due to falling average price per unit
Mid-term plan: unconvinced by Calbee’s plan for its domestic business
Falling out of favor with the Buy Side
The status quo on which the investment thesis is based on is changing
Conclusion


Calbee Inc: Falling Average Price Per Unit Causes Concern Among Investors

Japan

YAMAZAKI BAKING CO., LTD. produces baking foods including bread, pastry, and cake.  The Company operates nationwide sales network.  YAMAZAKI BAKING also operates franchised cafeterias and convenience stores.

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Yamazaki Baking (2212 JP)

Higher Prices to Test Japan's Appetite for Wheat

Wheat production from Ukraine and Russia will be severely impact for the remainder of this year. Prices are set to remain higher for longer,...

Mark Chadwick

Yamazaki Baking: As Margins Double, 100% Upside Is Possible

After underperforming TOPIX for almost 10 years, the Yamazaki Baking to Topix ratio has started to move with the ratio breaking the May 2021...

Oshadhi Kumarasiri

🇯🇵 JAPAN • IT’S A WRAP! Part 2: 2020-Q1 Results & Revision Scores

THREE-YEAR LOW - With Bridgestone (5108 JP)'s results and revision now added, our final tally for this season is a 196 basis point decline in our...

Campbell Gunn

🇯🇵 JAPAN • Results & Revisions Daily Roundup - 14th February ▲2212 4927 8358 ▼ 6502 6098 9435

14TH FEBRUARY ROUNDUP - With apologies to Trend Micro (4704 JP) and Bridgestone (5108 JP) who have yet to report, this will be our last daily...

Campbell Gunn

Calbee Inc: Falling Average Price Per Unit Causes Concern Among Investors

1H and 9MFY2019 earnings misses forced Calbee to revise its FY2019 estimates Increased costs, slower progress in international markets and...

Oshadhi Kumarasiri

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