Liquid Universe of European Ordinary and Preferred Shares: December‘23 Report
Since mid-November, spreads have generally widened across our European liquid universe of ordinary and preferred shares (9 have tightened, 10...
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Liquid Universe of European Ordinary and Preferred Shares: August '25 Report
Across Europe’s liquid dual-class universe, share-price spreads have mainly tightened. Convergence plays: MFE A/B as A votes rise; TIM savings...
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Liquid Universe of European Ordinary and Preferred Shares: May '26 Report
European dual-class spreads tightened again in May as liquidity-driven convergence resumed. Handelsbanken, MFE and Telecom Italia led compression,...
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Liquid Universe of European Ordinary and Preferred Shares: April '26 Report
European dual-class spreads re-widened in April, with mean rising on right-tail moves. Liquidity-driven convergence persists, while structural...
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Liquid Universe of European Ordinary and Preferred Shares: March '26 Report
March saw convergence across European dual-class shares, with dispersion narrowing as liquidity returned. Structural outliers persist, while...
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