AI and Energy Infrastructure, Explained Plainly, The Physical Layer

The Physical Layer

AI and Energy Infrastructure, Explained Plainly

A journal on the physical constraints behind the AI buildout: power, grid connection, data centres, cooling and the supply chains that gate them. Written to be understood by anyone.

Equity Bottom-Up

<ul><li>Micron, one of three companies that make the stacked memory beside AI chips, commits most of each year's supply of it before that year starts.</li><li>By Micron's own account, each unit of it uses about three times the silicon of ordinary computer memory.</li><li>So while AI memory grows faster than the rest, it takes silicon away from the ordinary memory in phones, laptops and servers, and keeps that short too.</li></ul>

Micron, one of three companies that make the stacked memory beside AI chips, commits most of each year's supply of it before that year starts.By Micron's own account, each unit of it uses about three times the silicon of ordinary computer memory.So while AI memory grows faster than the rest, it takes silicon away from the ordinary memory in phones, laptops and servers, and keeps that short too.

Micron sells AI memory before the year starts, and each bit takes three times the wafer

<ul><li>Every factory making the most advanced AI chips needs EUV machines, and ASML, a Dutch company, is the only maker.</li><li>It expects to ship about 65 of its standard model this year, its full capacity, and says next year's machines are already close to fully ordered.</li><li>Its output can grow only as fast as its German optics supplier allows, so a chipmaker that wants more must order a year or two ahead, much as a data centre books its grid connection.</li></ul>

Every factory making the most advanced AI chips needs EUV machines, and ASML, a Dutch company, is the only maker.It expects to ship about 65 of its standard model this year, its full capacity, and says next year's machines are already close to fully ordered.Its output can grow only as fast as its German optics supplier allows, so a chipmaker that wants more must order a year or two ahead, much as a data centre books its grid connection.

ASML's EUV machines are booked a year or two ahead, like a grid connection

Hedge Fund News, Information and Data, Hedge Fund Alpha

Hedge Fund Alpha

Hedge Fund News, Information and Data

We focus on hedge funds with a bias towards emerging managers, specifically fundamental long-short managers. We are known for a lot of insights and exclusives on hedge fund letters, coverage of industry conferences, and interviews with investors and interesting service providers.

Thematic (Sector/Industry)

<ul><li>Green Ash Horizon Fund fell 10.02% in July, sharply underperforming the MSCI World’s 0.51% gain as a broad momentum unwind hit technology and AI-related stocks.</li><li>The sell-off proved particularly severe in semiconductors, which fell 20% after gaining 88% over the preceding three months.</li><li>Despite the correction, hedge fund manager James Sanders remains constructive on the fundamental outlook and continues to see strong long-term potential in AI infrastructure.</li></ul>

Green Ash Horizon Fund fell 10.02% in July, sharply underperforming the MSCI World’s 0.51% gain as a broad momentum unwind hit technology and AI-related stocks.The sell-off proved particularly severe in semiconductors, which fell 20% after gaining 88% over the preceding three months.Despite the correction, hedge fund manager James Sanders remains constructive on the fundamental outlook and continues to see strong long-term potential in AI infrastructure.

Green Ash Horizon Fund Falls 10% in July as AI and Semiconductor Momentum Reverses

TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing) / Equity Bottom-Up

TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing) (2330 TT)

TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing)

<ul><li>Almost every advanced AI chip, whoever designs it, is made by one company, TSMC, mostly in Taiwan.</li><li>Its chief executive says those factories, not electricity, are what limits AI today, and the company's own numbers show why: a new chip factory takes years to build and more years to fill.</li><li>That is a fair point, and it changes how long I think the chip side of the shortage lasts.</li></ul>

Almost every advanced AI chip, whoever designs it, is made by one company, TSMC, mostly in Taiwan.Its chief executive says those factories, not electricity, are what limits AI today, and the company's own numbers show why: a new chip factory takes years to build and more years to fill.That is a fair point, and it changes how long I think the chip side of the shortage lasts.

TSMC's chief says the AI bottleneck is its factories, not the power grid

External broker reports(aggregated public sources), CMB International

CMB International

External broker reports(aggregated public sources)

Incorporated in Hong Kong, supported by the mainland and targeting in global market, CMB International Capital Corporation Limited (“CMBI”) is an integrated financial institution providing comprehensive and professional services. As a wholly-owned subsidiary of China Merchants Bank ("CMB"), by leveraging on the Group’s synergy and coordination in domestic and overseas markets, as well as CMB’s strong resources and outstanding social reputation, CMBI and its subsidiaries have been actively implementing diversified business strategies and set up an overall layout of main business segments including Corporate Finance, Asset Management, Wealth Management, Global Markets and Structured Finance, etc. Adhering to the philosophy of “being clients oriented and increasing our own values by the way of creating value for clients”, CMBI endeavors to provide quality and integrated financial services to institutional, corporate and individual customers both domestic and overseas including Hong Kong IPO sponsorship and underwriting, share placement and rights issue for listed companies, financial advisors, bonds issuance services, asset management, direct investment, wealth management, equity sales and trading, etc.

<ul><li>Nvidia released FY3Q24 results with quarterly revenue at US$18.1bn, up 34% QoQ and 206% YoY. GPM was 74.0%, up 3.9ppts QoQ.</li><li>Net profit was US$9.2bn, up 50% QoQ and 1,274% YoY.</li><li>According to the company’s guidance, 4Q24 revenue is expected to reach US$20bn (+/-2%), implying 10% QoQ and 231% YoY growth; GAAP GPM is expected to increase to 74.5% (+/- 50bps). </li></ul><p><em>Content is external broker report sourced from online content aggregator through publicly available sources and is displayed below for general informational purposes only. Refer full disclaimer below.</em></p>

Nvidia released FY3Q24 results with quarterly revenue at US$18.1bn, up 34% QoQ and 206% YoY. GPM was 74.0%, up 3.9ppts QoQ.Net profit was US$9.2bn, up 50% QoQ and 1,274% YoY.According to the company’s guidance, 4Q24 revenue is expected to reach US$20bn (+/-2%), implying 10% QoQ and 231% YoY growth; GAAP GPM is expected to increase to 74.5% (+/- 50bps). Content is external broker report sourced from online content aggregator through publicly available sources and is displayed below for general informational purposes only. Refer full disclaimer below.

United States

Micron Technology, Inc., through its subsidiaries, manufactures and markets dynamic random access memory chips (DRAMs), very fast static random access memory chips (SRAMs), Flash Memory, other semiconductor components, and memory modules.

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Micron Technology (MU US)

Micron sells AI memory before the year starts, and each bit takes three times the wafer

Micron, one of three companies that make the stacked memory beside AI chips, commits most of each year's supply of it before that year starts. By...

The Physical Layer

ASML's EUV machines are booked a year or two ahead, like a grid connection

Every factory making the most advanced AI chips needs EUV machines, and ASML, a Dutch company, is the only maker. It expects to ship about 65 of...

The Physical Layer

Green Ash Horizon Fund Falls 10% in July as AI and Semiconductor Momentum Reverses

Green Ash Horizon Fund fell 10.02% in July, sharply underperforming the MSCI World’s 0.51% gain as a broad momentum unwind hit technology and...

Hedge Fund Alpha

TSMC's chief says the AI bottleneck is its factories, not the power grid

Almost every advanced AI chip, whoever designs it, is made by one company, TSMC, mostly in Taiwan. Its chief executive says those factories, not...

The Physical Layer

Technology (Hardware/Semi) - 23 Nov 2023

Nvidia released FY3Q24 results with quarterly revenue at US$18.1bn, up 34% QoQ and 206% YoY. GPM was 74.0%, up 3.9ppts QoQ. Net profit was...

CMB International

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